Behaviour of pineapple plants (Ananas comosus var comosus) resulting from in vitrobudding and somatic embryogenesis during acclimatization phase and in the field

Yapo Sopie Edwige-Salomé1*, Kouadio Oi Kouadio Samuel2, Konan Yao Kouakou François1, Ayolié Koutoua1, Soro Dogniméton1 and Kouakou Tanoh Hilaire3
Page no. 5-19

The pineapple occupies a significant place in Côte d'Ivoire’s economy. The quality of the plant material used in pineapple plantations is a guarantee of improved profitability and fruit quality. To raise this constraint, in vitro culture uses budding and somatic embryogenesis methods for a massive production of plants of good sanitary quality. However, during acclimatization, some major difficulties due to the rot of tissue culture plants and the nature of the substrate used disrupt production. To do this, different acclimatization substrates and the potentialities of Smooth Cayenne vitroplants were evaluated. During acclimatization under shade and in the field, survival rate of plantlets, growth and development parameters of vitroplants were compared. Suckers of field-grown of pineapple were used as controls. The results show a 98 % survival rate and the morphologically uniform plants were observed with potting soil mixed with sawdust in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio during weaning. And, the parameters observed showed no significant differences between vitroplants. However, the vegetative growth parameters in the field and those related to yield were significantly different between the three types of plants. The Productivity of plants regenerated by somatic embryogenesis are more efficient than those regenerated by in vitro budding. In addition, vitroplants have been more efficient than plants obtained traditionally. This difference in behaviour is due to the degree of rejuvenation of the plants by vitro methods. The potential for massive production of quality plantlets by in vitro cultivation is therefore an asset for the renewal of the Ivorian orchard in view of the revaluation of pineapple from Côte d'Ivoire. Acclimatization is a delicate and important step in in vitro culture. Its mastery will open up new possibilities for the farming world.
Keywords : Pineapple (Ananas comosus var comosus) - Côte d'Ivoire - in vitro regeneration - Substrates – Acclimatization