Malignant tumors of the stomach in the Marrakech region

R. Sidibé(1), I. Elhidaoui(1), S. Zabroug (3), S. Oubaha (2), Z. Samlani(1), K.Krati(1)
Page No. 106-114

Introduction: Stomach cancer, is a cancer that develop from stomach tissues and seems possibly
due to the multiplication and installation in the stomach of a bacterium (Helicobacter Pylori) which
produces an oncogenic protein ( "Cag" or CagA) and promoted by diets rich in salt. Stomach
cancer is the second leading cause of death due to cancer in the world. Even though the annual
incidence of stomach cancer has been decreasing steadily this last twenty years there remains a real
public health problem. The vast majority of malignant tumors of the stomach (95%) are
adenocarcinomas. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study over 4 years (February
2011 - December 2015), including all cases of gastric cancers admitted in the departments of
Gastroenterology, Radiotherapy and Oncology, excluding cardiac tumors; studied and analyzed the
epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of our series. Results:
145 confirmed cases of malignant gastric tumors of which 56 cases were already hospitalized at
the service dring the study period, that is 38.7%, 100 cases of adenocarcinoma, 36 cases of
lymphoma, 7 cases of stromal tumor and 2 cases of neuroendocrine tumor. The average age was 55,
6 years with the extremes from 20 to 87 years one third were under 50 years of age. A slight male
predominance was noted. Risk factors were mainly alcohol-tobacco use and Helicobacter pylori
infection in 38.5% and 28% of cases respectively. The main revealing clinical signs
were epigastralgia and weight loss found in 86% of patients. The location was often Antro-pyloric
and the tumor was often ulcer-budding. Undifferentiated adenocarcinoma is the predominant
histological type, the diagnosis was was often established at a late stage of the tumeur, which are
normally locally advance or metastatic. Surgical treatment was performed only in 15% of patients
Conclusion: The peculiarities of our series of study are the young age of our patients, the diagnosis
at a late stage. These two conditions are real challenge for the clinician who remains the desire to
be curative and the limits of therapeutic means.
Keywords : Stomach, malignant tumors, Marrakech region